The wood structure of E. globulus Labill. from different habitates was observed under light and scanning electron microscope. The variation wood structure of E. globulis from different habitates and from native of Australia was the difference in the characteristics of wood constituent members, the characteristics of vessel length, the length and diameter of tracheid, fibre tracheid length and fibre length of E. globulus grown in China compared with that grown in Australia. All of these values were relatively increased, while other quantitative characteristics decreased however the variation in percentage of solitary vessel and ray height were unobvious. The vestured pits on the vessel walls of E. globulus grown in China were obviously different from those grown in Australia in SEM structure. The formation, the orientation and the angle variation of twisting grain of E. globulus grown in China were tentatively studied in field survey and laboratory of wood anatomy. The results showed that the twisting grain orientation was in right helix(RH), the formation of twisting grain mainly was subjected to the comprehensive action of wind, temperature and annual rainfall. The twisting grain angle of E. globulus was increasing with altitude and decreasing with latitude. Furthermore, the factors affecting the wood structure were comprehensively analysed.